Modern wells for domestic use are created by drilling a hole in the ground that may be 8" to 12" in diameter and 50 to 100's of feet deep.  An auger is put on a shaft and extensions are continuously added to the shaft to mvoe the auger further into the ground.  Once water is  found a pipe, typically pvc these days, that is 6 or 8" in diameater is put down that hole to create a "casing" for the well. That prevents the rocks and dirt from collapsing into the hole drilled.  You could think of that as a "sleeve" as well. Then inside that casing pipe another pvc pipe is inserted. It might be 1" to  2" in diamater. It  hangs down to below the water line, whereever that is, with a pump attached to the bottom of the pipe and corresponding wire that runs down next to the pipe. (the pump is attached to the first segment of pipe and it goes into the casing first and then more pipe is added to the top to drop it further and further down).  When elecrtricity is applied to the pump, water is pumped up the pipe and it goes into one of several types of holding tankes, then a pressumer pump may be invlved in pumping it with pressuer into a home or other building.   It's a fairly simple system. 

Well Components:

1. Casing - A large tube  inserted into the ground to hold the dirt and rock walls of a newly drilled hole back

2. Well Pipe - the pipe that goes inside the casing to pump water up

3. Well Pump - the electrical pump at the bottom of the pipe that pumps water on demand

4. Holding tanks -  places where water is  pumped to for storage and/or pressurization. 

5. Pressure pumps - small pumps about the size of large  shoe boxes that add or create pressure needed to drdive water through pipes and into a home for use
   
   

The water from a well should first be categorized as being for 1) Domestic Use 2) Commercial use and/or 3) Agricultural use.  

Domestic use means "non commercial and non agricultural". Domestic use is thought of as residential use for cleaning, bathing and gardening.  It does NOT include the idea of drinkable(potable) by default. Domestic use is NOT EQUAL TO potable use. that is a separate designation that would supplement Domestic Use catgorization. 

Commercial use would be for use in factories and business. 

Agricultural use is for commercial farming (your private garden is not agriculatural use). 

Water quality wants and needs vary for each of these.  For domestic and commercial use, you might imagine too much lead or iron or other in the water may leave stains on toilets or corrode metal in machines. 

"Potable Water" is a designation given to water that means it meets drinking water standards. Any of the types of water use above could or could not carry an additional designation as being "potable" if the tests for potable water are "acceptable" per state and federal standard that define such a designation. . 

The Federal and State Authorities  will tell you that it has established water qualityh standards that allow a person or group to designate water as "potable" (aka safe to drink)

The potable stanards address Baceria contamination and contamination from inorganic material like arsenics, lead or nitrates (things found in periodic tables or their derivatives or other chemical compounds. 

If water meets these requirements, per state and federal guidelines enforced by the Envioronmental Health Bureau, the water is "safe to drink". 

PROBLEM: the standard set by the fedaral and state authorities set no guidelines or limits for parasites, or yeast/mold/fungus.  Parasites aer known to cause drinking water problems around the world.  Many fo the prblems caused by parasites in water are worse than the bacteria tested for. The statement that water is "safe to drink" if it meets Fedral and State standdards is thus a "Hoax". 

This "hoax" provides a false sense of seucrity and regulators and regulations.

The Enviornmental Health Board (EHB) prescribes a "colliform test" as the primary method for checking for organic compounds. The test has nothign to do with actually measuring harmful items as colliform are not harmful.  It's comparable to doing a pressure test on a tire and if coliforms appear it suggest your air pressure is low, that's all.  The remedy for high colliform tests is a bleach wash but all that actually does is kill off the non-harmful colliform and other bacteria negativley affected by bleach. That does nothing to address parasites or other organice or inorganic compounds that may have entered during a system breach. In affect, the bleach wash is comparate to resetting the control on a test. Yet, procedurally, it is treated by EHB and generally rerpresented in writing  as if it fixes harmful contaminents found.  

This entire process is a Hoax that provides a false sense of seucrity about water safety. 

insert title 22 here... 

Around 2004 a Jewish Chiropractor purchased property to build a home.  he obtained a letter from the neighbor agreeing to a  water connection to their 2 connection well.  he went through permitting and got to the last step which was water quality.  The test came back slightly high for nitrates.  2-4 connection well systems were not and are not subject to MCL (maximum contamination level) standard per Title 22.  The wells can be designated for domestic use only leaving land dwellers to fill their own potable needs one of many ways including water kiosks, bottled water, filtration in home etc.  The EHB in combination with Housing and Community Development declined his building permit unlawfully. While we have presented the information in a simple manner above, it took a lot of time to water it all down to such an easy presentation.  the man purchased at trailer, moved it on to his lot, ran a hose from the well and was forced to live like that for over a decade. 

Around 2014  he made a second attempt to get a permit. It was denied for the same reasons. The people he engaged with at the EHB were the same people who are still there now. They were not the same he engaged with initially. 

There are many possible reasons the people initiated the hoax and the current employees sustained it. They ruined a mans life for over 20 years as part of a Hoax.